The knee prosthesis
This involves the surgical replacement of the articular surfaces of the femur and tibia with artificial components in order to reproduce all the movements of the arthritic joint as faithfully as possible.
The femoral component, which replaces the articular surface of the femur, is inserted in direct contact with the bone after removal of the arthritic cartilage, reproducing the anatomical shape of the femoral condyles.
The tibial component, which replaces the articular surface of the tibial plateau, is attached to the tibia after removal of the articular cartilage.
The tibial insert is attached to the tibial component and, congruent with the femoral condyles, is articulated with the femoral component.
The patellar component is applied to the articular surface of the patella after removal of the articular cartilage.
Total knee arthroplasty, performed daily in specialized facilities, involves the removal of worn cartilage on the articular surfaces of the femur and tibia by means of techniques to prepare the bone that will house the components and the positioning of the femoral and tibial components on the two surfaces, so that they “cover” the old surface.
The insertion of the tibial insert makes the two surfaces congruent, allowing the new joint to move.
Total knee replacement is recommended in cases of diffuse joint arthrosis.
If the arthrosis only affects one compartment, in the vast majority of cases the medial compartment, the implantation of a uni-compartmental prosthesis is recommended instead, which onlyreplaces the articular cartilages of the femoral condyle and the corresponding tibial hemiplateau affected by arthrosis.
Normally, at the end of rehabilitation, the patient can carry out most activities of daily living.
The patient will be able to return to a normal sex life and to driving and exercise, provided they take the necessary precautions and follow the therapist’s instructions.
SPORTS THAT ARE RECOMMENDED AND NOT RECOMMENDED BY THE KNEE SOCIETY
The information provided is not medical advice, nor is it intended as a substitute for medical advice. Under no circumstances should this information be a substitute for a consultation, examination or diagnosis given by a doctor.
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